Is Canada a member of the Kyoto Protocol?
Rachel Hickman
Published Feb 17, 2026
Is Canada a member of the Kyoto Protocol?
The Kyoto Protocol was ratified by Parliament in 2002. It was designed to be an extension of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change by setting greenhouse gas emission reduction targets. Instead, national emissions increased by over 30 per cent, and Canada officially withdrew from Kyoto in 2011.
Who participated in the Kyoto Protocol?
A second commitment period was agreed to in 2012 to extend the agreement to 2020, known as the Doha Amendment to the Kyoto Protocol, in which 37 countries had binding targets: Australia, the European Union (and its then 28 member states, now 27), Belarus, Iceland, Kazakhstan, Liechtenstein, Norway, Switzerland, and …
Which countries have not ratified the Kyoto Protocol?
Behold, the complete list of nations that have not yet signed or ratified the Kyoto Protocol:
- Afghanistan.
- Southern Sudan.
- Andorra.
- The Vatican City.
- Taiwan.
- The United States.
How many countries currently endorse the Kyoto Protocol?
192 parties have ratified the protocol (191 states and one regional economic integration organization). The United States has not; it dropped out in 2001. The protocol mandated that 37 industrialized nations plus the European Community cut their greenhouse gas emissions.
Why Canada left the Kyoto Protocol?
Canada is the only country to repudiate the Kyoto Accord. Kent argued that since Canada could not meet targets, it needed to avoid the $14 billion in penalties for not achieving its goals. This decision drew a widespread international response. Finally, the cost of compliance has been estimated 20 times lower.
Who withdrew from Kyoto Protocol?
Canada
Canada will formally withdraw from the Kyoto Protocol on climate change, the minister of the environment has said. Peter Kent said the protocol “does not represent a way forward for Canada” and the country would face crippling fines for failing to meet its targets.
Who enforces the Kyoto Protocol?
What is the Compliance Committee of the Kyoto Protocol? The Compliance Committee of the Kyoto Protocol is made up of two branches: a facilitative branch and an enforcement branch.
When Kyoto Protocol was signed?
11 December 1997
The Kyoto Protocol was adopted on 11 December 1997. Owing to a complex ratification process, it entered into force on 16 February 2005. Currently, there are 192 Parties to the Kyoto Protocol.
Why did Canada withdraw from the Kyoto Protocol?
Is Kyoto Protocol still in force?
The Kyoto Protocol Ended in 2012, Effectively Half-Baked Global emissions were still on the rise by 2005, the year the Kyoto Protocol became international law—even though it was adopted in 1997.
Is India signed on Kyoto Protocol?
Under the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM), developed countries would take up Green House Gas reduction activities in developing countries. India’s decision to ratify the Kyoto Protocol is a reaffirmation of the country’s faith in multilateral process for addressing global environmental problems.
Is Kyoto Protocol still in effect?
The Kyoto Protocol Ended in 2012, Effectively Half-Baked But others continued to fall short. The United States and China—two of the world’s biggest emitters—produced enough greenhouse gases to mitigate any of the progress made by nations who met their targets.